城市生态学

Brand: 华东师范大学出版社    Sold By: EM China

城市生态学

$38.05 In Stock
Item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt.
Ships from China, Arrives in 7-14 business days
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02
January2025
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13
January2025
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城市生态学

城市生态学

$38.05

目  录篇 基础篇
章 生态学基础
节 生态学的概念
第二节 生态系统——现代生态学的研究核心
一、生态系统的结构
二、生态系统的功能
三、生态系统的发展

第三节 种群——通向宏观生态学的桥梁
一、种群统计
二、种群动态

第四节 生态平衡及其调节
一、生态平衡
Product Details

目  录
篇 基础篇
章 生态学基础
节 生态学的概念
第二节 生态系统——现代生态学的研究核心
一、生态系统的结构
二、生态系统的功能
三、生态系统的发展

第三节 种群——通向宏观生态学的桥梁
一、种群统计
二、种群动态

第四节 生态平衡及其调节
一、生态平衡
在线试读
章 生态学基础
节 生态学的概念
一般认为,生态学一词早是由德国动物学家E Haeckel于1866年提出来的,当时他给生态学(ecology)下的定义是:“我们可以把生态学理解为关于生物有机体与其外部世界,亦即广义的生存条件间相互关系的科学。”当初的生态学概念是比较狭窄的,仅局限于对动物的研究。1889年,他义进一步提出:“生态学是一门自然经济学,它涉及所有生物有机体关系的变化,涉及各种生物自身以及他们和其他生物如何在一起共同生活。”(转引自:Adam,1988)这样,就把生态学的研究范围扩大到对动物、植物、微生物等各类生物与环境相互关系的研究。

Shipping Overview: 

Shipping: Standard Domestic Shipping within the United States charges USD 4.99. Standard International Shipping from United Kingdom, Germany and Japan to the United States charges 14.99. 

Order Processing: Please allow 1-2 business days for order processing and preparation before shipment. 

Domestic Shipping: Orders within the U.S. are shipped via USPS or FedEx, depending on the origin of the product. The average transit time is 3-7 business days. 

International Shipping: Currently, we only ship within the USA. 

Tracking Information: Every order is trackable. You will receive a tracking number once your order has been shipped. Products may be shipped from various global fulfillment centers.

Shipping Delays: 

Please note that shipping times may vary due to factors beyond our control, such as weather conditions, natural disasters, or peak holiday periods. While we strive to ensure timely delivery, the exact arrival time cannot be guaranteed and is managed by the shipping carrier.

Shipping Options:

  • Standard Delivery: Most orders are shipped within 3-7 business days. Larger items may utilize LTL shipping for safe handling.

  • Handling Time: We handle shipments on business days (Monday - Friday), with a preparation time of 1-2 days.

  • Additional Charges: Some items require additional shipping charges due to their size, weight, or special handling. These charges are specified on the product pages and are not eligible for shipping discounts.

  • Exclusions: Gift cards, packaging, taxes, and prior purchases do not count toward the minimum purchase requirement for free shipping. This offer is valid only for shipments to U.S. addresses, including Puerto Rico.

Delivery Details:

  • Estimates: Standard shipping within the US typically takes 3-7 business days. These are estimates and not guarantees.

  • Shipping Restrictions: We ship to all 50 states, Washington, DC, U.S. territories, and APO/FPO/DPO addresses. Shipping options vary based on the delivery address.

  • Remote Areas: Shipments to remote areas may incur additional charges or require pickup from a nearby shipping partner’s location.

Shipping Confirmation:

You will receive a shipping confirmation email with a tracking number as soon as your order is dispatched. If you do not receive this email immediately, please be assured that your items will arrive within the estimated delivery window provided at checkout.

Order Modifications:

If you need to cancel or modify your order, please contact our customer support immediately.

Issues with Delivery:

If your order shows as delivered but you have not received it, please contact the shipping carrier directly to resolve the issue. For persistent problems, contact our customer service at cs@everymarket.com.

Customer Support:

Our team is available 24/7 to assist you with any questions or concerns regarding your order. We are committed to ensuring a smooth shopping experience.

Return & Refund Policy Overview

Please review our return and refund policies below to ensure a smooth transaction process.

Return Policy

  • Duration: You have 30 days from receiving your item to initiate a return.

  • Condition: Items must be unworn, unwashed, with original tags and packaging intact.

  • Shipping Costs: Customers are responsible for return shipping costs.

  • Packaging: Ensure returned items are well-packaged to avoid damage during transit.

  • Tracking: Use a trackable and insured shipping method as we are not liable for items lost or damaged on return.

  • Initiating a Return: Contact us at cs@everymarket.com to start your return. We will provide a return shipping label and instructions upon approval. Returns without prior approval will not be accepted.

How to Return

  • Method: Returns must be sent back by mail to the address provided in the return instructions.

Return Label

  • Defective Products: Return labels are provided for defective items.

  • Non-Defective Returns: Customers are responsible for obtaining their return shipping label.

Product Conditions for Return

  • Eligible Products: Returns are only accepted for items in new condition.

Nonreturnable Items

Certain items are not eligible for return:

  • Electronic devices after 30 days (e.g., computers, laptops, Kindles)

  • Gift cards, prepaid game cards

  • Perishable goods, live insects, some jewelry, some health and personal care items

  • Customized or personalized products

  • Items with special shipping restrictions

Refund Policy

  • Window: Eligible products may be returned within 30 days of delivery for a refund.

  • Refund Method: Refunds are processed to the original payment method or as store credit for items purchased with gift cards.

  • Processing Time: Refunds are processed within 3-5 business days after we receive the return; please allow additional time for shipping and bank processing.

Claims

Inspect your order upon arrival and report any defects, damages, or incorrect items immediately to allow us to address the issue. For claims, contact our support team with details of the issue.

Exchange Policy

For the quickest service, return your original item and place a new order for the desired product once your return is accepted.

Return Address

EveryMarket Customer Service 2101 E Terra Ln, O'Fallon, MO 63366

Customer Support

Available 24/7 for any questions or assistance needed:

  • Phone: +1 636-312-5925

  • Email: cs@everymarket.com

 

目  录
篇 基础篇
章 生态学基础
节 生态学的概念
第二节 生态系统——现代生态学的研究核心
一、生态系统的结构
二、生态系统的功能
三、生态系统的发展

第三节 种群——通向宏观生态学的桥梁
一、种群统计
二、种群动态

第四节 生态平衡及其调节
一、生态平衡
在线试读
章 生态学基础
节 生态学的概念
一般认为,生态学一词早是由德国动物学家E Haeckel于1866年提出来的,当时他给生态学(ecology)下的定义是:“我们可以把生态学理解为关于生物有机体与其外部世界,亦即广义的生存条件间相互关系的科学。”当初的生态学概念是比较狭窄的,仅局限于对动物的研究。1889年,他义进一步提出:“生态学是一门自然经济学,它涉及所有生物有机体关系的变化,涉及各种生物自身以及他们和其他生物如何在一起共同生活。”(转引自:Adam,1988)这样,就把生态学的研究范围扩大到对动物、植物、微生物等各类生物与环境相互关系的研究。

Shipping Overview: 

Shipping: Standard Domestic Shipping within the United States charges USD 4.99. Standard International Shipping from United Kingdom, Germany and Japan to the United States charges 14.99. 

Order Processing: Please allow 1-2 business days for order processing and preparation before shipment. 

Domestic Shipping: Orders within the U.S. are shipped via USPS or FedEx, depending on the origin of the product. The average transit time is 3-7 business days. 

International Shipping: Currently, we only ship within the USA. 

Tracking Information: Every order is trackable. You will receive a tracking number once your order has been shipped. Products may be shipped from various global fulfillment centers.

Shipping Delays: 

Please note that shipping times may vary due to factors beyond our control, such as weather conditions, natural disasters, or peak holiday periods. While we strive to ensure timely delivery, the exact arrival time cannot be guaranteed and is managed by the shipping carrier.

Shipping Options:

  • Standard Delivery: Most orders are shipped within 3-7 business days. Larger items may utilize LTL shipping for safe handling.

  • Handling Time: We handle shipments on business days (Monday - Friday), with a preparation time of 1-2 days.

  • Additional Charges: Some items require additional shipping charges due to their size, weight, or special handling. These charges are specified on the product pages and are not eligible for shipping discounts.

  • Exclusions: Gift cards, packaging, taxes, and prior purchases do not count toward the minimum purchase requirement for free shipping. This offer is valid only for shipments to U.S. addresses, including Puerto Rico.

Delivery Details:

  • Estimates: Standard shipping within the US typically takes 3-7 business days. These are estimates and not guarantees.

  • Shipping Restrictions: We ship to all 50 states, Washington, DC, U.S. territories, and APO/FPO/DPO addresses. Shipping options vary based on the delivery address.

  • Remote Areas: Shipments to remote areas may incur additional charges or require pickup from a nearby shipping partner’s location.

Shipping Confirmation:

You will receive a shipping confirmation email with a tracking number as soon as your order is dispatched. If you do not receive this email immediately, please be assured that your items will arrive within the estimated delivery window provided at checkout.

Order Modifications:

If you need to cancel or modify your order, please contact our customer support immediately.

Issues with Delivery:

If your order shows as delivered but you have not received it, please contact the shipping carrier directly to resolve the issue. For persistent problems, contact our customer service at cs@everymarket.com.

Customer Support:

Our team is available 24/7 to assist you with any questions or concerns regarding your order. We are committed to ensuring a smooth shopping experience.

Return & Refund Policy Overview

Please review our return and refund policies below to ensure a smooth transaction process.

Return Policy

  • Duration: You have 30 days from receiving your item to initiate a return.

  • Condition: Items must be unworn, unwashed, with original tags and packaging intact.

  • Shipping Costs: Customers are responsible for return shipping costs.

  • Packaging: Ensure returned items are well-packaged to avoid damage during transit.

  • Tracking: Use a trackable and insured shipping method as we are not liable for items lost or damaged on return.

  • Initiating a Return: Contact us at cs@everymarket.com to start your return. We will provide a return shipping label and instructions upon approval. Returns without prior approval will not be accepted.

How to Return

  • Method: Returns must be sent back by mail to the address provided in the return instructions.

Return Label

  • Defective Products: Return labels are provided for defective items.

  • Non-Defective Returns: Customers are responsible for obtaining their return shipping label.

Product Conditions for Return

  • Eligible Products: Returns are only accepted for items in new condition.

Nonreturnable Items

Certain items are not eligible for return:

  • Electronic devices after 30 days (e.g., computers, laptops, Kindles)

  • Gift cards, prepaid game cards

  • Perishable goods, live insects, some jewelry, some health and personal care items

  • Customized or personalized products

  • Items with special shipping restrictions

Refund Policy

  • Window: Eligible products may be returned within 30 days of delivery for a refund.

  • Refund Method: Refunds are processed to the original payment method or as store credit for items purchased with gift cards.

  • Processing Time: Refunds are processed within 3-5 business days after we receive the return; please allow additional time for shipping and bank processing.

Claims

Inspect your order upon arrival and report any defects, damages, or incorrect items immediately to allow us to address the issue. For claims, contact our support team with details of the issue.

Exchange Policy

For the quickest service, return your original item and place a new order for the desired product once your return is accepted.

Return Address

EveryMarket Customer Service 2101 E Terra Ln, O'Fallon, MO 63366

Customer Support

Available 24/7 for any questions or assistance needed:

  • Phone: +1 636-312-5925

  • Email: cs@everymarket.com

 

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