卫生服务研究-理论与实践

卫生服务研究-理论与实践
卫生服务研究-理论与实践
卫生服务研究-理论与实践
卫生服务研究-理论与实践

卫生服务研究-理论与实践

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卫生服务研究-理论与实践

卫生服务研究-理论与实践

$40.97

内容简介

  《卫生服务研究:理论与实践》的内容主要是卫生服务研究实践的整理与概括,尤其是第三篇与第四篇的内容基本是将一些有代表性的专题研究文献(绝大多数均已公开发表)进行加工整理、编撰而成。因此,要特别感谢这些专题研究的主持者与参与者为此书所作的贡献。另一个想法是,在概括我国卫生服务研究实践的基础上尝试对方法学与卫生服务研究和卫生改革发展在理论上作一些探讨。故将此书冠名为《卫生服务研究的理论与实践》,希望将近30年来我国在卫生服务方面的...

Product Details

内容简介

  《卫生服务研究:理论与实践》的内容主要是卫生服务研究实践的整理与概括,尤其是第三篇与第四篇的内容基本是将一些有代表性的专题研究文献(绝大多数均已公开发表)进行加工整理、编撰而成。因此,要特别感谢这些专题研究的主持者与参与者为此书所作的贡献。另一个想法是,在概括我国卫生服务研究实践的基础上尝试对方法学与卫生服务研究和卫生改革发展在理论上作一些探讨。故将此书冠名为《卫生服务研究的理论与实践》,希望将近30年来我国在卫生服务方面的主要实践与经验作一个系统整理,供同道参考。

目  录
篇 卫生服务研究的理论基础
章 卫生服务研究概述
节 卫生服务和卫生服务研究
第二节 卫生服务研究简要发展史
第三节 卫生服务研究的内容
第二章 卫生服务研究理论基础
节 卫生服务需要
第二节 卫生服务需求和利用
第三节 卫生服务供给

第二篇 卫生服务研究的方法论
章 定量研究方法
节 卫生服务需要和利用调查
第二节 卫生服务资源调查
前  言
  卫生服务研究是20世纪后半期发展起来的一个新的领域,国际上还没有一个明确的定义。多数学者认为,卫生服务研究是研究卫生部门为了一定目的使用卫生资源向居民提供卫生服务的过程。
  卫生服务研究是社会医学学科体系中的一个重要组成部分,卫生服务研究的兴起是适应医学模式转变的必然趋势。在卫生事业现代化和社会化发展的形势下,即使具有卓越的生物医学成就,掌握有效的防治疾病的技术和方法,也不一定保证就能取得好的效果;而需要有良好的卫生服务计划、实施、评价和现代化管理技术,要有适宜的卫生服务组织、内容和方法,才能使医学科学技术发挥其的作用。当今世界的任何一个国家和地区可能提供的卫生资源是有限的,怎样利用有限的资源,产生的经济效益和的社会效益,使人力、物力、财力、技术、信息等资源发挥充分的作用,是摆在卫生服务研究者面前的重要课题。
  目前世界各国在卫生服务中普遍关心的四个问题是:一,提高居民卫生服务的覆盖面与可及性,增加居民利用卫生服务的程度;二,降低医疗费用,提高卫生事业的经济效益;三,努力提高卫生服务的质量;四,提升卫生服务的效率,即可概括为:公平、质量、费用与效率。
  因此,卫生服务研究的主要内容是:
在线试读

  四、主要发现和建议
  1.掌握农村疾病结构发生变化的趋势,应适时调整农村卫生工作的重点
  从两周患病和慢性病的调查情况来看,农村患病率的是常见病和多发病。传染病中结核、肝炎患病率仍较高。急性传染病的危害程度已大大降低,心脑血管和神经系统疾病等非生物性疾病呈上升趋势。地区之间虽不平衡,但总体来看,农村疾病结构已开始发生变化。并且随着乡镇企业的发展,农村居民年龄结构老化的趋势必将进一步明显。各级卫生行政部门应随着农村疾病结构的变化适时调整防病治病的重点,在继续做好传染病防治的同时,逐步开展慢性病的防治。
  2.要采取有效措施,稳定和提高农村卫生队伍
  农村卫生队伍的现状是数量不足、质量不高、人员的结构不合格、技术骨干缺乏。平均每千人口的医生数和护士数不仅低于世界卫生组织在12地区调查的结果,也低于我国城市。更值得引起注意的是每千人口占有医生数已低于1965年的数字,说明卫生技术骨干不仅进来的少,还有外流的情况。按实际需要高、中、初卫生技术人员之比应为3:5:2,而46个县的调查结果为2:4.3:3.7,说明高、中级卫生技术人员不足,初级卫生技术人员比例过大,农村卫生队伍的素质下降。
  人才是事业发展的基础,必须采取有效措施稳定和提高农村卫生队伍。应重点抓好以下三个方面:一是要改革高、中等医学教育,打开卫生人才通向农村的路子;二是要制订鼓励卫生人员到农村工作的政策,防止技术骨干继续外流;三是要有计划地分期分批地对农村卫生技术人员进行培训,提高他们的技术水平。
  3.农村卫生资源不足是影响农村居民卫生服务利用的重要因素
  调查资料表明,卫生经费占国民生产总值的比例、人均拥有卫生经费数以及每千人口拥有床位数和医师数,都明显低于世界卫生组织在12个地区调查的平均值,也低于我国上海县1980年调查的结果。不仅影响了群众的医疗服务利用,也抑制了群众的医疗需求。
  ……

书摘插画
插图

Shipping Overview: 

Shipping: Standard Domestic Shipping within the United States charges USD 4.99. Standard International Shipping from United Kingdom, Germany and Japan to the United States charges 14.99. 

Order Processing: Please allow 1-2 business days for order processing and preparation before shipment. 

Domestic Shipping: Orders within the U.S. are shipped via USPS or FedEx, depending on the origin of the product. The average transit time is 3-7 business days. 

International Shipping: Currently, we only ship within the USA. 

Tracking Information: Every order is trackable. You will receive a tracking number once your order has been shipped. Products may be shipped from various global fulfillment centers.

Shipping Delays: 

Please note that shipping times may vary due to factors beyond our control, such as weather conditions, natural disasters, or peak holiday periods. While we strive to ensure timely delivery, the exact arrival time cannot be guaranteed and is managed by the shipping carrier.

Shipping Options:

  • Standard Delivery: Most orders are shipped within 3-7 business days. Larger items may utilize LTL shipping for safe handling.

  • Handling Time: We handle shipments on business days (Monday - Friday), with a preparation time of 1-2 days.

  • Additional Charges: Some items require additional shipping charges due to their size, weight, or special handling. These charges are specified on the product pages and are not eligible for shipping discounts.

  • Exclusions: Gift cards, packaging, taxes, and prior purchases do not count toward the minimum purchase requirement for free shipping. This offer is valid only for shipments to U.S. addresses, including Puerto Rico.

Delivery Details:

  • Estimates: Standard shipping within the US typically takes 3-7 business days. These are estimates and not guarantees.

  • Shipping Restrictions: We ship to all 50 states, Washington, DC, U.S. territories, and APO/FPO/DPO addresses. Shipping options vary based on the delivery address.

  • Remote Areas: Shipments to remote areas may incur additional charges or require pickup from a nearby shipping partner’s location.

Shipping Confirmation:

You will receive a shipping confirmation email with a tracking number as soon as your order is dispatched. If you do not receive this email immediately, please be assured that your items will arrive within the estimated delivery window provided at checkout.

Order Modifications:

If you need to cancel or modify your order, please contact our customer support immediately.

Issues with Delivery:

If your order shows as delivered but you have not received it, please contact the shipping carrier directly to resolve the issue. For persistent problems, contact our customer service at cs@everymarket.com.

Customer Support:

Our team is available 24/7 to assist you with any questions or concerns regarding your order. We are committed to ensuring a smooth shopping experience.

Return & Refund Policy Overview

Please review our return and refund policies below to ensure a smooth transaction process.

Return Policy

  • Duration: You have 30 days from receiving your item to initiate a return.

  • Condition: Items must be unworn, unwashed, with original tags and packaging intact.

  • Shipping Costs: Customers are responsible for return shipping costs.

  • Packaging: Ensure returned items are well-packaged to avoid damage during transit.

  • Tracking: Use a trackable and insured shipping method as we are not liable for items lost or damaged on return.

  • Initiating a Return: Contact us at cs@everymarket.com to start your return. We will provide a return shipping label and instructions upon approval. Returns without prior approval will not be accepted.

How to Return

  • Method: Returns must be sent back by mail to the address provided in the return instructions.

Return Label

  • Defective Products: Return labels are provided for defective items.

  • Non-Defective Returns: Customers are responsible for obtaining their return shipping label.

Product Conditions for Return

  • Eligible Products: Returns are only accepted for items in new condition.

Nonreturnable Items

Certain items are not eligible for return:

  • Electronic devices after 30 days (e.g., computers, laptops, Kindles)

  • Gift cards, prepaid game cards

  • Perishable goods, live insects, some jewelry, some health and personal care items

  • Customized or personalized products

  • Items with special shipping restrictions

Refund Policy

  • Window: Eligible products may be returned within 30 days of delivery for a refund.

  • Refund Method: Refunds are processed to the original payment method or as store credit for items purchased with gift cards.

  • Processing Time: Refunds are processed within 3-5 business days after we receive the return; please allow additional time for shipping and bank processing.

Claims

Inspect your order upon arrival and report any defects, damages, or incorrect items immediately to allow us to address the issue. For claims, contact our support team with details of the issue.

Exchange Policy

For the quickest service, return your original item and place a new order for the desired product once your return is accepted.

Return Address

EveryMarket Customer Service 2101 E Terra Ln, O'Fallon, MO 63366

Customer Support

Available 24/7 for any questions or assistance needed:

  • Phone: +1 636-312-5925

  • Email: cs@everymarket.com

 

内容简介

  《卫生服务研究:理论与实践》的内容主要是卫生服务研究实践的整理与概括,尤其是第三篇与第四篇的内容基本是将一些有代表性的专题研究文献(绝大多数均已公开发表)进行加工整理、编撰而成。因此,要特别感谢这些专题研究的主持者与参与者为此书所作的贡献。另一个想法是,在概括我国卫生服务研究实践的基础上尝试对方法学与卫生服务研究和卫生改革发展在理论上作一些探讨。故将此书冠名为《卫生服务研究的理论与实践》,希望将近30年来我国在卫生服务方面的主要实践与经验作一个系统整理,供同道参考。

目  录
篇 卫生服务研究的理论基础
章 卫生服务研究概述
节 卫生服务和卫生服务研究
第二节 卫生服务研究简要发展史
第三节 卫生服务研究的内容
第二章 卫生服务研究理论基础
节 卫生服务需要
第二节 卫生服务需求和利用
第三节 卫生服务供给

第二篇 卫生服务研究的方法论
章 定量研究方法
节 卫生服务需要和利用调查
第二节 卫生服务资源调查
前  言
  卫生服务研究是20世纪后半期发展起来的一个新的领域,国际上还没有一个明确的定义。多数学者认为,卫生服务研究是研究卫生部门为了一定目的使用卫生资源向居民提供卫生服务的过程。
  卫生服务研究是社会医学学科体系中的一个重要组成部分,卫生服务研究的兴起是适应医学模式转变的必然趋势。在卫生事业现代化和社会化发展的形势下,即使具有卓越的生物医学成就,掌握有效的防治疾病的技术和方法,也不一定保证就能取得好的效果;而需要有良好的卫生服务计划、实施、评价和现代化管理技术,要有适宜的卫生服务组织、内容和方法,才能使医学科学技术发挥其的作用。当今世界的任何一个国家和地区可能提供的卫生资源是有限的,怎样利用有限的资源,产生的经济效益和的社会效益,使人力、物力、财力、技术、信息等资源发挥充分的作用,是摆在卫生服务研究者面前的重要课题。
  目前世界各国在卫生服务中普遍关心的四个问题是:一,提高居民卫生服务的覆盖面与可及性,增加居民利用卫生服务的程度;二,降低医疗费用,提高卫生事业的经济效益;三,努力提高卫生服务的质量;四,提升卫生服务的效率,即可概括为:公平、质量、费用与效率。
  因此,卫生服务研究的主要内容是:
在线试读

  四、主要发现和建议
  1.掌握农村疾病结构发生变化的趋势,应适时调整农村卫生工作的重点
  从两周患病和慢性病的调查情况来看,农村患病率的是常见病和多发病。传染病中结核、肝炎患病率仍较高。急性传染病的危害程度已大大降低,心脑血管和神经系统疾病等非生物性疾病呈上升趋势。地区之间虽不平衡,但总体来看,农村疾病结构已开始发生变化。并且随着乡镇企业的发展,农村居民年龄结构老化的趋势必将进一步明显。各级卫生行政部门应随着农村疾病结构的变化适时调整防病治病的重点,在继续做好传染病防治的同时,逐步开展慢性病的防治。
  2.要采取有效措施,稳定和提高农村卫生队伍
  农村卫生队伍的现状是数量不足、质量不高、人员的结构不合格、技术骨干缺乏。平均每千人口的医生数和护士数不仅低于世界卫生组织在12地区调查的结果,也低于我国城市。更值得引起注意的是每千人口占有医生数已低于1965年的数字,说明卫生技术骨干不仅进来的少,还有外流的情况。按实际需要高、中、初卫生技术人员之比应为3:5:2,而46个县的调查结果为2:4.3:3.7,说明高、中级卫生技术人员不足,初级卫生技术人员比例过大,农村卫生队伍的素质下降。
  人才是事业发展的基础,必须采取有效措施稳定和提高农村卫生队伍。应重点抓好以下三个方面:一是要改革高、中等医学教育,打开卫生人才通向农村的路子;二是要制订鼓励卫生人员到农村工作的政策,防止技术骨干继续外流;三是要有计划地分期分批地对农村卫生技术人员进行培训,提高他们的技术水平。
  3.农村卫生资源不足是影响农村居民卫生服务利用的重要因素
  调查资料表明,卫生经费占国民生产总值的比例、人均拥有卫生经费数以及每千人口拥有床位数和医师数,都明显低于世界卫生组织在12个地区调查的平均值,也低于我国上海县1980年调查的结果。不仅影响了群众的医疗服务利用,也抑制了群众的医疗需求。
  ……

书摘插画
插图

Shipping Overview: 

Shipping: Standard Domestic Shipping within the United States charges USD 4.99. Standard International Shipping from United Kingdom, Germany and Japan to the United States charges 14.99. 

Order Processing: Please allow 1-2 business days for order processing and preparation before shipment. 

Domestic Shipping: Orders within the U.S. are shipped via USPS or FedEx, depending on the origin of the product. The average transit time is 3-7 business days. 

International Shipping: Currently, we only ship within the USA. 

Tracking Information: Every order is trackable. You will receive a tracking number once your order has been shipped. Products may be shipped from various global fulfillment centers.

Shipping Delays: 

Please note that shipping times may vary due to factors beyond our control, such as weather conditions, natural disasters, or peak holiday periods. While we strive to ensure timely delivery, the exact arrival time cannot be guaranteed and is managed by the shipping carrier.

Shipping Options:

  • Standard Delivery: Most orders are shipped within 3-7 business days. Larger items may utilize LTL shipping for safe handling.

  • Handling Time: We handle shipments on business days (Monday - Friday), with a preparation time of 1-2 days.

  • Additional Charges: Some items require additional shipping charges due to their size, weight, or special handling. These charges are specified on the product pages and are not eligible for shipping discounts.

  • Exclusions: Gift cards, packaging, taxes, and prior purchases do not count toward the minimum purchase requirement for free shipping. This offer is valid only for shipments to U.S. addresses, including Puerto Rico.

Delivery Details:

  • Estimates: Standard shipping within the US typically takes 3-7 business days. These are estimates and not guarantees.

  • Shipping Restrictions: We ship to all 50 states, Washington, DC, U.S. territories, and APO/FPO/DPO addresses. Shipping options vary based on the delivery address.

  • Remote Areas: Shipments to remote areas may incur additional charges or require pickup from a nearby shipping partner’s location.

Shipping Confirmation:

You will receive a shipping confirmation email with a tracking number as soon as your order is dispatched. If you do not receive this email immediately, please be assured that your items will arrive within the estimated delivery window provided at checkout.

Order Modifications:

If you need to cancel or modify your order, please contact our customer support immediately.

Issues with Delivery:

If your order shows as delivered but you have not received it, please contact the shipping carrier directly to resolve the issue. For persistent problems, contact our customer service at cs@everymarket.com.

Customer Support:

Our team is available 24/7 to assist you with any questions or concerns regarding your order. We are committed to ensuring a smooth shopping experience.

Return & Refund Policy Overview

Please review our return and refund policies below to ensure a smooth transaction process.

Return Policy

  • Duration: You have 30 days from receiving your item to initiate a return.

  • Condition: Items must be unworn, unwashed, with original tags and packaging intact.

  • Shipping Costs: Customers are responsible for return shipping costs.

  • Packaging: Ensure returned items are well-packaged to avoid damage during transit.

  • Tracking: Use a trackable and insured shipping method as we are not liable for items lost or damaged on return.

  • Initiating a Return: Contact us at cs@everymarket.com to start your return. We will provide a return shipping label and instructions upon approval. Returns without prior approval will not be accepted.

How to Return

  • Method: Returns must be sent back by mail to the address provided in the return instructions.

Return Label

  • Defective Products: Return labels are provided for defective items.

  • Non-Defective Returns: Customers are responsible for obtaining their return shipping label.

Product Conditions for Return

  • Eligible Products: Returns are only accepted for items in new condition.

Nonreturnable Items

Certain items are not eligible for return:

  • Electronic devices after 30 days (e.g., computers, laptops, Kindles)

  • Gift cards, prepaid game cards

  • Perishable goods, live insects, some jewelry, some health and personal care items

  • Customized or personalized products

  • Items with special shipping restrictions

Refund Policy

  • Window: Eligible products may be returned within 30 days of delivery for a refund.

  • Refund Method: Refunds are processed to the original payment method or as store credit for items purchased with gift cards.

  • Processing Time: Refunds are processed within 3-5 business days after we receive the return; please allow additional time for shipping and bank processing.

Claims

Inspect your order upon arrival and report any defects, damages, or incorrect items immediately to allow us to address the issue. For claims, contact our support team with details of the issue.

Exchange Policy

For the quickest service, return your original item and place a new order for the desired product once your return is accepted.

Return Address

EveryMarket Customer Service 2101 E Terra Ln, O'Fallon, MO 63366

Customer Support

Available 24/7 for any questions or assistance needed:

  • Phone: +1 636-312-5925

  • Email: cs@everymarket.com

 

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